{"id":20757,"date":"2022-04-18T12:49:14","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T12:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pantheregroup.com\/2022\/04\/18\/bank-of-canada-taps-quantum-computing-startup-to-tackle-complex-financial-problems\/"},"modified":"2022-04-18T12:49:14","modified_gmt":"2022-04-18T12:49:14","slug":"bank-of-canada-taps-quantum-computing-startup-to-tackle-complex-financial-problems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pantheregroup.com\/2022\/04\/18\/bank-of-canada-taps-quantum-computing-startup-to-tackle-complex-financial-problems\/","title":{"rendered":"Bank of Canada taps quantum computing startup to tackle complex financial problems"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> \n<\/p>\n<div id=\"\">\n<header aria-label=\"Beginning of Article\" class=\"article-header\">\n<nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Breadcrumb Trail Links<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"breadcrumbs__items list-unstyled\">\n<li class=\"breadcrumbs__item\"> News <\/li>\n<li class=\"breadcrumbs__item\"> FP Finance <\/li>\n<li class=\"breadcrumbs__item\"> FP Economy <\/li>\n<li class=\"breadcrumbs__item\"> Cryptocurrency <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/nav>\n<p class=\"article-subtitle\"> Multiverse Computing and the central bank modelled a simulation of cryptocurrency adoption <\/p>\n<div class=\"article-meta\">\n<div class=\"published-date\">\n<p>Publishing date:<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"published-date__since\">Apr 18, 2022<\/span> \u00a0\u2022\u00a0 <span class=\"updated-date__since\">2\u00a0hours ago<\/span> \u00a0\u2022\u00a0 <span class=\"published-date__word-count\">2 minute read<\/span> \u00a0\u2022\u00a0 <span>  <span class=\"comment-bubble\"> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"16\"><path d=\"M4,0 C2.93914,0 1.921718,0.421428 1.171572,1.171572 C0.421428,1.921718 0,2.93914 0,4 L0,24 L3.846,20.158 L4,20.16 L20,20.16 C21.0608,20.16 22.0782,19.73858 22.8284,18.98842 C23.5786,18.23828 24,17.22086 24,16.16 L24,4 C24,2.93914 23.5786,1.921718 22.8284,1.171572 C22.0782,0.421428 21.0608,0 20,0 L4,0 Z M2,4 C2,3.46956 2.21072,2.96086 2.58578,2.58578 C2.96086,2.21072 3.46956,2 4,2 L20,2 C20.5304,2 21.0392,2.21072 21.4142,2.58578 C21.7892,2.96086 22,3.46956 22,4 L22,16.16 C22,16.69044 21.7892,17.19914 21.4142,17.57422 C21.0392,17.94928 20.5304,18.16 20,18.16 L4,18.16 L3.048,18.126 L2,19.174 L2,4 Z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> 8 Comments  <\/span> <\/div><\/div>\n<figure class=\"featured-image\"><picture class=\"featured-image__ratio\"><source media=\"(min-width: 1200px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=564&amp;h=423&amp;type=webp,&#10;            https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=1128&amp;h=846&amp;type=webp 2x\" type=\"image\/webp\"\/><source media=\"(min-width: 1200px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=564&amp;h=423&amp;type=jpg,&#10;                https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=1128&amp;h=846&amp;type=jpg 2x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"\/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=472&amp;h=354&amp;type=webp,&#10;            https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=944&amp;h=708&amp;type=webp 2x\" type=\"image\/webp\"\/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=472&amp;h=354&amp;type=jpg,&#10;                https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=944&amp;h=708&amp;type=jpg 2x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"\/><source media=\"(max-width: 767px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=288&amp;h=216&amp;type=webp,&#10;            https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bank-of-canada-vw0418.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=576&amp;h=432&amp;type=webp 2x\" type=\"image\/webp\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"featured-image__caption image-caption\"><span class=\"caption\">The Bank of Canada is experimenting with quantum computing.<\/span> <span class=\"credit\">Photo by Justin Tang\/Bloomberg<\/span> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/header>\n<section class=\"article-content__content-group\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Article content<\/h2>\n<p>The Bank of Canada is experimenting with quantum computing as a means of tackling complex financial problems, potentially those involving cryptocurrencies, that go beyond the scope of traditional computers.\u00a0<b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"ad__section-border article-content__ad-group\">\n<section aria-describedby=\"advertisment6784388567903285583621273549719869\" class=\"ad\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\" id=\"advertisment6784388567903285583621273549719869\">Advertisement 2<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ad__container\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\" id=\"ad__inner-2\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner__container\" data-ad=\"[[6,6],[1200,250],[1200,90],[970,90],[970,250],[728,90],[300,250]]\" data-ad-interscroller=\"6x6\" data-ad-loc=\"2\" data-ad-mobile=\"[[6,6],[320,50],[300,50],[300,250],[300,600]]\" id=\"ad-2\" style=\"--desktopHeight:250px;--mobileHeight:600px\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ad__placeholder\">\n<p> This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"article-content__content-group\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Article content<\/h2>\n<p>Multiverse Computing, a quantum software company based in Spain with offices in Toronto, says it recently built out a simulative model from scratch in collaboration with Canada\u2019s central bank.\u00a0\u00a0<b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe wanted to test the power of quantum computing on a research case that is hard to solve using classical computing techniques,\u201d said Maryam Haghighi, the director of data science at the Bank of Canada, in a press release. \u201cThis collaboration helped us learn more about how quantum computing can provide new insights into economic problems by carrying out complex simulations on quantum hardware.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Quantum computing leverages quantum theory to run complex calculations and problems as well as assess probabilities. The computers can process exponentially more data than traditional computing models.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"ad__section-border article-content__ad-group\">\n<section aria-describedby=\"advertisment6070694226087789175160219342162066\" class=\"ad\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\" id=\"advertisment6070694226087789175160219342162066\">Advertisement 3<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ad__container\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\" id=\"ad__inner-3\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner__container\" data-ad=\"[[7,7],[1200,250],[1200,90],[970,90],[970,250],[728,90],[300,250]]\" data-ad-interscroller=\"7x7\" data-ad-loc=\"3\" data-ad-mobile=\"[[7,7],[300,250],[320,50],[300,50]]\" id=\"ad-3\" style=\"--desktopHeight:250px;--mobileHeight:250px\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ad__placeholder\">\n<p> This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"article-content__content-group\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Article content<\/h2>\n<p>Multiverse Computing relied on a technology called \u201cquantum annealing,\u201d a quantum-computing method that attempts to determine an optimal solution from a large array of potential solutions.<\/p>\n<p>In this case, the company and the Bank modelled a simulation of cryptocurrency adoption as a means of payment by non-financial companies, encoding every possible combination of outcomes in a ten-person network.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is not possible to do using today\u2019s classical computers as far as we have seen, as the number of possible configurations explodes for large systems,\u201d\u00a0Sam Mugel, the chief technology officer at Multiverse,<span lang=\"en-US\">\u00a0told the Financial Post.\u00a0<\/span>\u201cFor instance, with just 10 players, as in this scenario, the number of possible combinations would be a number equal to a one with 30 zeros behind it.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"ad__section-border article-content__ad-group\">\n<section aria-describedby=\"advertisment1740949870866077043951892003386394\" class=\"ad\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\" id=\"advertisment1740949870866077043951892003386394\">Advertisement 4<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ad__container\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\" id=\"ad__inner-4\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner__container\" data-ad=\"[[1200,250],[1200,90],[970,90],[970,250],[728,90],[300,250]]\" data-ad-loc=\"4\" data-ad-mobile=\"[[320,50],[300,50],[300,250]]\" id=\"ad-4\" style=\"--desktopHeight:250px;--mobileHeight:250px\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ad__placeholder\">\n<p> This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"article-content__content-group\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Article content<\/h2>\n<section aria-labelledby=\"moreTopicLabel6590747527841333063425469488981484\" class=\"more-topic\" data-carousel-component=\"\" data-carousel-icon-button=\"\" data-carousel-type=\"list\"> <button aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"more-topic__button-prev\" data-carousel-prev=\"\" tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"previous\" type=\"button\"\/> <\/p>\n<ol class=\"more-topic__items list-unstyled\" data-carousel-slide-list=\"\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<li class=\"more-topic__item\" data-carousel-item=\"\">  <picture class=\"more-topic__item-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"An illustration accompanying D-Wave System\u2019s utility patent for input and output systems and devices for use with a supercomputing device, granted in October 2018.\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/in-disruptive-quantum-sector-canada-risks-coming-third-in-a.jpeg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80\" height=\"96\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/in-disruptive-quantum-sector-canada-risks-coming-third-in-a.jpeg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/in-disruptive-quantum-sector-canada-risks-coming-third-in-a.jpeg?h=192&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 2x,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/in-disruptive-quantum-sector-canada-risks-coming-third-in-a.jpeg?h=288&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 3x\" width=\"96\"\/><\/picture>\n<h3 class=\"more-topic__item-text\"> <span class=\"more-topic__item-text-clamp\"> In disruptive quantum sector, Canada risks coming \u2018third in a two-man race\u2019 for intellectual property <\/span> <\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"more-topic__item\" data-carousel-item=\"\">  <picture class=\"more-topic__item-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"D-Wave Systems' quantum computer\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/d-wave.jpg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80\" height=\"96\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/d-wave.jpg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/d-wave.jpg?h=192&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 2x,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/d-wave.jpg?h=288&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 3x\" width=\"96\"\/><\/picture>\n<h3 class=\"more-topic__item-text\"> <span class=\"more-topic__item-text-clamp\"> D-Wave\u2019s quantum computers \u2018can save energy, solve climate change\u2019 <\/span> <\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"more-topic__item\" data-carousel-item=\"\">  <picture class=\"more-topic__item-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"None\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/nationalpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/no0316houses-1.jpeg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80\" height=\"96\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/nationalpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/no0316houses-1.jpeg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/nationalpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/no0316houses-1.jpeg?h=192&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 2x,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/nationalpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/no0316houses-1.jpeg?h=288&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 3x\" width=\"96\"\/><\/picture>\n<h3 class=\"more-topic__item-text\"> <span class=\"more-topic__item-text-clamp\"> What \u2018higher and faster\u2019 Bank of Canada rate hikes could mean for homeowners <\/span> <\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"more-topic__item\" data-carousel-item=\"\">  <picture class=\"more-topic__item-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Bank of Canada Governor Tiff Macklem.\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/tiff-macklem-0404.jpg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80\" height=\"96\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/tiff-macklem-0404.jpg?h=96&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/tiff-macklem-0404.jpg?h=192&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 2x,&#10;                                    https:\/\/smartcdn.gprod.postmedia.digital\/financialpost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/tiff-macklem-0404.jpg?h=288&amp;strip=all&amp;quality=80 3x\" width=\"96\"\/><\/picture>\n<h3 class=\"more-topic__item-text\"> <span class=\"more-topic__item-text-clamp\"> Bank of Canada survey shows most businesses think it will take at least two years to get inflation under control <\/span> <\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><button aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"more-topic__button-next\" data-carousel-next=\"\" tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"next\" type=\"button\"\/> <\/section>\n<p>Multiverse\u2019s study ultimately found that for some industries, digital assets would take part in the payments market alongside traditional bank transfers and cash instruments. To the degree each financial institution gets involved in the crypto space and the size of the market share they take on depends on how these institutions respond to crypto adoption and the economic costs of crypto trading.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"ad__section-border article-content__ad-group\">\n<section aria-describedby=\"advertisment1288401535791185401074172877483123\" class=\"ad\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\" id=\"advertisment1288401535791185401074172877483123\">Advertisement 5<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ad__container\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\" id=\"ad__inner-5\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner__container\" data-ad=\"[[1200,250],[1200,90],[970,90],[970,250],[728,90],[300,250]]\" data-ad-loc=\"5\" data-ad-mobile=\"[[320,50],[300,50],[300,250]]\" id=\"ad-5\" style=\"--desktopHeight:250px;--mobileHeight:250px\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ad__placeholder\">\n<p> This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"article-content__content-group\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Article content<\/h2>\n<p>\u201cThe crypto market is extremely volatile and notoriously hard to regulate,\u201d Mugel said. \u201cOur technology will allow central banks to predict the effect of regulations.\u201d<\/p>\n<p data-async=\"\">The Bank of Canada has been exploring the cryptocurrency space for years, particularly when it comes to the possibility of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). While the Bank has yet to find a reason to roll out a CBDC, it\u00a0laid out the groundwork\u00a0for central bank-issued digital currencies as far back as February 2020.<\/p>\n<p>More recently from a policy side, the federal budget proposed funding of $17.7 million spanning over five years for a legislative review of digital dollars led by the Department of Finance. The federal government stated the first phase will explore digital currencies such as cryptocurrencies and stablecoins, with expansion to the possibility of CBDCs if the need arose.<\/p>\n<p data-async=\"\"><em>\u2022 Email: shughes@postmedia.com | Twitter: <a class=\"twitter-follow-button\" data-evt=\"click\" data-evt-typ=\"click\" data-evt-val=\"{\" control_fields=\"\" link=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/StephHughes95\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">StephHughes95<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"article-content__share-group article-delimiter\" data-evt=\"beforeunload\" data-evt-typ=\"page_scroll\" data-evt-val=\"{\" control_fields=\"\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\">Share this article in your social network<\/h2>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"article-content__ad-group\">\n<div class=\"ad__section-border ad__section-border--category visually-hidden\">\n<section aria-describedby=\"advertisment9087513960218032431756118416493529\" class=\"ad\">\n<h2 class=\"visually-hidden\" id=\"advertisment9087513960218032431756118416493529\">Advertisement <\/h2>\n<div class=\"ad__container\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\" id=\"ad__inner-acceptable\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner__container\" data-ad=\"[[1200,250],[1200,90],[970,90],[970,250],[728,90],[300,250]]\" data-ad-acceptable=\"\" data-ad-loc=\"1\" data-ad-mobile=\"[[320,50],[300,50],[300,250]]\" id=\"ad-acceptable\" style=\"--desktopHeight:250px;--mobileHeight:250px\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ad__placeholder\">\n<p> This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"widget article-content__widget-group article-content__widget-group--slot1\">\n<section aria-labelledby=\"FinancialPostTopStories754031198708995567345086390010699\" class=\"newsletter-widget fp-headlinenews\" data-account-id=\"b9d3df2fccd108b5eff3c44f573b2cd6\" data-newsletter=\"single\" data-newsletter-component=\"\" data-target-list=\"FP_HeadlineNews\" data-widget=\"newsletter\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Top Stories Newsletter logo\" class=\"newsletter-widget__logo newsletter-widget__logo--FP_HeadlineNews\" height=\"80\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/pmd-stage-northamerica-northeast1-dcs-static-files\/10.2.2\/websites\/images\/newsletters\/logo\/newsletter-envelope.svg\" width=\"97\"\/><\/p>\n<div class=\"newsletter-widget__body\">\n<h2 class=\"newsletter-widget__title\" id=\"FinancialPostTopStories754031198708995567345086390010699\">Financial Post Top Stories<\/h2>\n<p class=\"newsletter-widget__text\">Sign up to receive the daily top stories from the Financial Post, a division of Postmedia Network Inc.<\/p>\n<div class=\"js-replace-main\">  <small class=\"newsletter-widget__disclaimer text-size--micro\"> By clicking on the sign up button you consent to receive the above newsletter from Postmedia Network Inc. 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Please try again <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<footer aria-label=\"Article Comments\" class=\"article-footer\">\n<section class=\"comments__section\" id=\"comments\">\n<h3 class=\"widget-title comments-anchor\" id=\"comments-area\">Comments<\/h3>\n<p class=\"comments__section-disclaimer\"> Postmedia is committed to maintaining a lively but civil forum for discussion and encourage all readers to share their views on our articles. Comments may take up to an hour for moderation before appearing on the site. We ask you to keep your comments relevant and respectful. We have enabled email notifications\u2014you will now receive an email if you receive a reply to your comment, there is an update to a comment thread you follow or if a user you follow comments. 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